1. Overview
Choi Mong-lyong (최몽룡Choi Mong-lyongKorean; born September 13, 1946) is a prominent South Korean archaeologist and an honorary professor in the Department of Archaeology and Art History at Seoul National University. Considered a representative elder scholar in Korean archaeology, Choi has significantly contributed to the understanding of ancient Korean history through extensive research, particularly on the Mumun Pottery Period, the emergence of civilization, and the formation of early Korean states. His academic career spanned decades at Seoul National University, alongside significant administrative and public service roles, including directorship of the Seoul National University Museum and membership in the National Heritage Committee of Korea. However, his career was also marked by controversy when he was selected as a chief writer for the national history textbook in 2015, a role from which he swiftly resigned following allegations of sexual harassment.
2. Early Life and Education
Choi Mong-lyong's early life and academic journey laid the foundation for his distinguished career in archaeology.
2.1. Birth and Background
Choi Mong-lyong was born in Seoul, South Korea, on September 13, 1946. Details regarding his family background and formative years beyond his birthplace are not extensively documented in available sources.
2.2. Education
Choi pursued his higher education at Seoul National University, where he completed his undergraduate and master's degrees in Archaeology and Anthropology. He then furthered his studies in the United States, earning his PhD in Anthropology from Harvard University in 1984. His doctoral dissertation was titled "A Study of the Yŏngsan River Valley Culture -the rise of chiefdom society and state in ancient Korea-," focusing on the archaeological investigation of the Yeongsan River basin. During his time at Harvard, Choi was mentored by the renowned anthropologist and archaeologist K.C. Chang.
2.3. Early Career
After completing his master's degree, Choi Mong-lyong began his academic career in South Korea. In 1972, he was appointed as a full-time lecturer at Jeonnam National University. He later moved to Seoul National University in 1981, where he would continue his long and impactful career.
3. Academic Career and Research
Choi Mong-lyong's professional life as an archaeologist was characterized by his long tenure as a professor, his specialized research, and his leadership within academic societies.
3.1. Professorship at Seoul National University
Choi Mong-lyong served for many years as a professor in the Department of Archaeology and Art History at Seoul National University. In the late 1980s, he also took on an administrative role as the assistant dean of the Faculty of Humanities at the university. His academic contributions included teaching and mentoring generations of archaeologists.
3.2. Major Research Areas
Choi's research primarily focused on several key areas of Korean archaeology and the formation of ancient societies. His major fields of study included the Mumun Pottery Period, a significant era in Korean prehistory characterized by plain pottery and the emergence of agricultural societies. He also extensively researched the broader themes of the rise of civilization, the development of ancient cities, and the formation of early states on the Korean Peninsula. His work often involved the archaeological investigation of ancient city-states and the processes through which complex societies emerged in ancient Korea. While many of his publications were collaborative efforts with numerous researchers, he is widely credited for his contributions to archaeological site reports from both Jeonnam National University and the Seoul National University Museum.
3.3. Leadership in Academic Societies
Choi Mong-lyong played a crucial role in the development and leadership of academic organizations dedicated to Korean history and archaeology. He was instrumental in founding the Korean Ancient Historical Society (한국상고사학회Korean Ancient Historical SocietyKorean) in 1987 and served as its inaugural president. He continued to lead the society as president from 1987 to 1995, contributing significantly to the academic discourse and research in ancient Korean history during that period.
4. Administrative and Public Service Roles
Beyond his academic and research endeavors, Choi Mong-lyong held several important administrative and public service positions, contributing to the preservation and study of Korea's cultural heritage.
4.1. Director of Seoul National University Museum
From 1995 to 1999, Choi Mong-lyong served as the Director of the Seoul National University Museum. In this capacity, he oversaw the museum's operations, including its collections, exhibitions, and research activities, further solidifying the institution's role in archaeological and cultural studies.
4.2. Membership in National Heritage Committee
Since 1999, Choi Mong-lyong has been a member of the National Heritage Committee of Korea (문화재위원회Munhwajae WiwonhoeKorean), an important governmental body responsible for the designation, preservation, and management of Korea's cultural heritage. His long-standing membership on this committee underscores his continued influence and expertise in the field of cultural heritage protection.
4.3. Involvement in History Textbook Compilation
Choi Mong-lyong was involved in the compilation of national history textbooks for high schools for over two decades, beginning in 1988. His extensive experience in this area led to his selection as one of the chief writers for the nationalized history textbook project initiated by the Park Geun-hye administration in 2015. This project aimed to unify the history curriculum across middle and high schools under a single government-authored textbook. However, his involvement in this controversial project was brief, ending in his resignation shortly after his appointment.
5. Publications
Choi Mong-lyong has an extensive bibliography, including numerous solo-authored books, co-authored and translated works, and a vast collection of academic papers that have significantly shaped the field of Korean archaeology.
5.1. Solo-Authored Books
- Jeonnam Gogohak Jimyeongpyo (전남고고학 지명표Jeonnam Archaeology Place NamesKorean), Jeonnam Maeil Newspaper Publishing Bureau, 1975.
- Dosiui Giwon (도시의 기원Origin of CitiesKorean), Baengnok Publishing, 1977.
- Inryu Munhwaeui Balssaenggwa Jeongae (인류문화의 발생과 전개Origin and Development of Human CultureKorean), Dongseongsa, 1983.
- A Study of the Yŏngsan River Valley Culture -the rise of chiefdom society and state in ancient Korea-, Dongseongsa, 1984.
- Hanguk Godaesa-ui Jemunje (韓國古代史의 諸問題Issues in Ancient Korean HistoryKorean), Seoul National University, Department of Archaeology and Art History, 1987.
- Gogohak-eui Jeopgeun (고고학에의 접근Approach to ArchaeologyKorean), Sinseowon, 1990.
- Jaemi Innun Gogohak Yeohaeng (재미있는 고고학 여행Interesting Archaeological TourismKorean), Hakyeon Munhwasa, Seoul, 1991.
- Hanguk Munhwaeui Wonryu-reul Chajaseo (한국문화의 원류를 찾아서Finding the Origin of Korean CultureKorean), Hakyeon Munhwasa, 1993.
- Dosi.Munmyeong.Gukga (도시.문명.국가City, Civilization, StateKorean), Seoul National University Press, 1997.
- Heukgwa Inryu (흙과 인류Soil and HumanityKorean), Juryuseong, 2000.
- Choegeunui Gogohak Jaryoro Bon Hanguk Gogohak.Godaesa-ui Sinyeongu (최근의 고고학 자료로 본 한국고고학.고대사의 신연구New Research on Korean Archaeology and Ancient History based on Recent Archaeological DataKorean), 2006.
- Inryu Munmyeong Balldalsa (인류문명발달사History of Human Civilization DevelopmentKorean), Juryuseong, 2007 (revised 5th ed. 2013, revised 6th ed. 2015).
- Cheongdonggi.Cheolgisidaewa Godaesahoe-ui Bokwon (청동기.철기시대와 고대사회의 복원Bronze Age, Iron Age and Restoration of Ancient SocietyKorean), Juryuseong, 2008.
- Hanguk Sanggosa Yeongu Yeojeok (한국상고사연구 여적Remains of Korean Ancient History ResearchKorean), Juryuseong, 2008.
- Hanguk Gogohak Yeongu-ui Jemunje (한국 고고학 연구의 제문제Issues in Korean Archaeological ResearchKorean), Juryuseong, 2011.
- Goguryeowa Jungwon Munhwa (고구려와 중원문화Goguryeo and Central Plains CultureKorean), Juryuseong, 2014.
- Hanguk Gogohak Yeongu -Segyesasok-eseoui Hanguk- (한국고고학연구 -세계사속에서의 한국-Korean Archaeological Research - Korea in World History -Korean), Juryuseong, 2014.
- Hanguk Seonsa Sidaeui Munhwawa Gukgaeui Hyeongseong (한국선사시대의 문화와 국가의 형성Culture of Korean Prehistoric Period and Formation of StateKorean), Juryuseong, 2016.
- Jungguk Gogohak -Jungyojuje, Hangmokbyeollo Bon Jungguk Munhwasa Seoseol- (중국 고고학 -중요주제, 항목별로 본 중국 문화사 서설-Chinese Archaeology - Introduction to Chinese Cultural History by Important Topics and Items -Korean), Juryuseong, 2018.
5.2. Co-Authored and Translated Works
- Ned Woodall (trans. Choi Mong-lyong), Singogohak-ui Gaeyo (신고고학의 개요Outline of New ArchaeologyKorean), Dongseongsa, 1984.
- Brian Fagan (trans. Choi Mong-lyong), Inryu-ui Seonsasidae (인류의 선사시대Prehistory of HumanityKorean), Eulyu Munhwasa, 1987.
- Jonathan Haas (trans. Choi Mong-lyong), Wonsi Gukgaeui Jinhwa (원시국가의 진화Evolution of Primitive StatesKorean), Minumsa, 1989.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguk-ui Gogohak (韓國の考古學Archaeology of KoreaKorean), Kodansha, 1989.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Baekjesa-ui Ihae (백제사의 이해Understanding Baekje HistoryKorean), Hakyeon Munhwasa, 1991.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguk Seonsa Gogohaksa (한국선사고고학사History of Korean Prehistoric ArchaeologyKorean), Kkachi, 1991.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hangang Yuyeoksa (한강유역사History of Han River BasinKorean), Minumsa, 1993.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Russia-ui Gogohak (러시아의 고고학Archaeology of RussiaKorean), Hakyeon Munhwasa, 1994.
- Charles Redman (trans. Choi Mong-lyong), Munmyeong-ui Balssaeng (문명의 발생Origin of CivilizationKorean), Minumsa, 1995.
- Konrad Spindler (trans. Choi Mong-lyong), Ocheonnyeon Jeon-ui Namja (5천년 전의 남자The Man of 5,000 Years AgoKorean), Cheonglim Publishing, 1995.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Gogohakgwa Jayongwahak (고고학과 자연과학Archaeology and Natural ScienceKorean), Seoul National University Press, 1996.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguk-ui Munhwayusan (한국의 문화유산Korean Cultural HeritageKorean), Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation, 1997.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguk Godaegukga Hyeongseongron (한국고대국가 형성론Theory of Ancient Korean State FormationKorean), Seoul National University Press, 1997.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Inmullo Bon Gogohaksa (인물로 본 고고학사History of Archaeology through FiguresKorean), Hanul, 1997.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Baekje-reul Dasi Bonda (백제를 다시 본다Re-examining BaekjeKorean), Juryuseong, 1998.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Gogohak Yeongubangbeomron (고고학 연구방법론Archaeological Research MethodologyKorean), Seoul National University Press, 1998.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguk Jiseokmyo Yeongu Iron-gwa Bangbeop (한국지석묘 연구 이론과 방법Theory and Method of Korean Dolmen ResearchKorean), Juryuseong, 2000.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Dangun (단군DangunKorean), Seoul National University Press, 2001.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguksa 1 (한국사1Korean History 1Korean), Tamgudang, 2002.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguksa 3 (한국사3Korean History 3Korean), Tamgudang, 1997.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanguksa 4 (한국사4Korean History 4Korean), Tamgudang, 1997.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Siberia Seonsa Gogohak (시베리아 선사고고학Siberian Prehistoric ArchaeologyKorean), Juryuseong, 2003.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Dongbuga Cheongdonggisidae Munhwa Yeongu (동북아 청동기시대 문화 연구Research on Northeast Asian Bronze Age CultureKorean), Juryuseong, 2004.
- Ha Jeong-ryong (trans. Choi Mong-lyong), Baekje-reul Tto Hanbeon Saenggakhanda (백제를 다시 한번 생각한다Reconsidering BaekjeKorean), Juryuseong, 2004.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Hanseongsidaeui Baekjewa Mahan (한성시대의 백제와 마한Baekje and Mahan in the Hanseong PeriodKorean), Juryuseong, 2005.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Gyeonggido-ui Gogohak (경기도의 고고학Archaeology of Gyeonggi-doKorean), Juryuseong, 2007.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., 21 Segi Hanguk Gogohak 1 (21세기 한국고고학121st Century Korean Archaeology 1Korean), Juryuseong, 2008.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., 21 Segi Hanguk Gogohak 2 (21세기 한국고고학221st Century Korean Archaeology 2Korean), Juryuseong, 2009.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., 21 Segi Hanguk Gogohak 3 (21세기 한국고고학321st Century Korean Archaeology 3Korean), Juryuseong, 2010.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., 21 Segi Hanguk Gogohak 4 (21세기 한국고고학421st Century Korean Archaeology 4Korean), Juryuseong, 2011.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., 21 Segi Hanguk Gogohak 5 (21세기 한국고고학521st Century Korean Archaeology 5Korean), Juryuseong, 2012.
- Choi Mong-lyong et al., Segyesasok-eseoui Hanguk (세계사속에서의 한국Korea in World HistoryKorean), Juryuseong, 2016.
5.3. Major Academic Papers
- "Prehistoric Sites in the Coastal Area of Jeollabuk-do," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 81, 1967.
- "Prehistoric Sites in the Coastal Area of Jeollabuk-do (II)," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 82, 1967.
- "Prehistoric Sites in the Coastal Area of Jeollabuk-do (III)," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 83, 1967.
- "Ground Stone Tools Excavated from Palgwari, Hongseong-gun," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 90, 1968.
- "On Korean Bronze Daggers," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 110, 1971.
- "Daehang-ri Shell Mound," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 115, 1972.
- "Excavated Artifacts from within the Stone Pagoda of Cheongpungsa Temple Site, Yeongam," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 116, 1972.
- "Prehistoric Sites and Artifacts Discovered from the Yeongsan-gang River Valley," Yeoksa Hakbo (Journal of History) 59, 1973.
- "A Study on Primitive Quarrying Issues," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 119, 1973.
- "Prehistoric Sites in the Submerged Area due to Yeongsan River Dam Construction -Archaeological Survey of the Yeongsan River Basin (3)-," Honam Munhwa Yeongu (Honam Cultural Research) 6, 1974.
- "Okha-ri Honggyo (Rainbow Bridge), Goheung," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 125, 1975.
- "Newly Discovered Prehistoric Artifacts in Jeollanam-do -Archaeological Survey of the Yeongsan River Basin (5)-," Honam Munhwa Yeongu (Honam Cultural Research) 7, 1975.
- Song Jeong-hyeon, Choi Mong-lyong, "History of Yeongam-gun -As Maritime Transportation-," Hanguk Munhwa Inryuhak (Korean Cultural Anthropology) 7, 1975.
- "Baekje Tomb of Jewol-ri, Damyang and its Excavated Artifacts," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 10, 1976.
- "Newly Discovered Prehistoric Artifacts in the Yeongsan River Basin -Archaeological Survey of the Yeongsan River Basin (8)-," Honam Munhwa Yeongu (Honam Cultural Research) 8, 1976.
- "Several Examples of Joseon Dynasty Tomb Epitaphs," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 129·130, 1976.
- "Excavation Report of Bosan-ri Dolmen, Naju -Archaeological Survey of the Yeongsan River Basin (9)-," Hanguk Munhwa Inryuhak (Korean Cultural Anthropology) 9, 1977.
- "Wooden Seated Buddha Statue of Gwaneumsa Temple, Wando and its Relics," Misuljaryo (Art Materials) 20, 1977.
- "Prehistoric Sites of Nohwa and Bogil Island," Honam Munhwa Yeongu (Honam Cultural Research) 9, 1977.
- "III. Bronze Age," Hanguksa Ron 1 -Godaepyeon- (Korean History Theory 1 -Ancient Period-), National Institute of Korean History, 1977.
- "IV. Early Iron Age," Hanguksa Ron 1 -Godaepyeon- (Korean History Theory 1 -Ancient Period-), National Institute of Korean History, 1977.
- George Bass, Choi Mong-lyong (trans.), "Underwater Archaeology -Survey and Excavation-," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 5, 1978.
- "Excavation Report of Songam-dong Dwelling Site, Gwangju," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 4, 1978.
- "Several Examples of Buddha Statues in Jeollanam-do," Misuljaryo (Art Materials) 22, 1978.
- "Several Examples of Joseon Dynasty Tomb Epitaphs (III)," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 136·137, 1978.
- "History of Beomubi and Stone Buddha Relocation at Sipsinsa Temple Site, Gwangju," Misulsahak Yeongu (Journal of Art History Studies) 138·139, 1978.
- "Forms and Classification of Dolmens in Jeollanam-do," Yeoksa Hakbo (Journal of History) 78, 1978.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Lee Cheong-gyu, Noh Hyeok-jin, "Excavation Report of Baekje Stone Chamber Tomb No. 5, Daean-ri, Bannam-myeon, Naju," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 12, 1979.
- George Bass, Choi Mong-lyong (trans.), "Underwater Archaeology -Excavation-," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 6, 1979.
- "Prehistoric Sites of Jindo," Honam Munhwa Yeongu (Honam Cultural Research) 10·11, 1979.
- "Scientific Analysis of Mumun Pottery Fragments Excavated from Prehistoric Sites in Jeollanam-do (Abstract)," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 9, 1980.
- "Dolmen Society and the Emergence of Classes in Jeollanam-do," Hanguksa Yeongu (Korean History Research) 35, 1981.
- "City, Civilization, State -A Trend in American Archaeological Research-," Yeoksa Hakbo (Journal of History) 92, 1981.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Noh Hyeok-jin, Ahn Seung-mo, "Jeulmun Pottery Sites of Baengnyeong and Yeonpyeong Islands -Archaeological Survey of the Five West Sea Islands-," Hanguk Munhwa (Korean Culture) 3, 1982.
- "Restoration Issues in Archaeology -Theoretical Background-," Inmun Nonchong (Humanities Review) 8, 1982.
- "Prehistoric Sites of Imjado Island -Archaeological Survey of the Southwestern Coastal Area of Jeollanam-do (3)-," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 20, 1982.
- "Translation of Sagi Joseon Yeoljeon," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 22, 1983.
- "Scientific Analysis of Mumun Pottery and Red Pottery Excavated from Yangpyeong-ri Dwelling Site, Jewon-gu, Chungcheongbuk-do -Prehistoric Culture Research of Namhan River Basin (2)-," Dong-A Munhwa (Dong-A Culture) 21, 1983.
- "Archaeological Methodology -Restoration-," Hanguksa Ron 12 -Hanguk-ui Gogohak I- (Korean History Theory 12 -Korean Archaeology I-), National Institute of Korean History, 1983.
- "Bronze Age -Dwelling Life-," Hanguksa Ron 13 -Hanguk-ui Gogohak II- (Korean History Theory 13 -Korean Archaeology II-), National Institute of Korean History, 1983.
- "A Study on the Formation of Ancient Korean States -The Case of Wiman Joseon-," Kim Cheol-jun Baksa Hwagap Ginyeom Sahak Nonchong (Kim Cheol-jun Doctoral Sixtieth Birthday Commemorative History Collection), 1983.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Im Young-jin, "Prehistoric Dwelling Site of Yangpyeong-ri, Jewon-gun -Prehistoric Culture Research of Namhan River Basin (1)-," Baeksan Hakbo (Baeksan Journal) 28, 1984.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Park Yang-jin, "Heunam-ri Prehistoric Settlement Site, Yeoju -Prehistoric Culture Research of Namhan River Basin (5)-," Jeongsin Munhwa Yeongu (Journal of Korean Studies) 7-3, 1984.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Park Yang-jin, "Scientific Analysis of Heunam-ri Pottery, Yeoju -Prehistoric Culture Research of Namhan River Basin (6)-," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 25, 1984.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Chu Yeon-sik, "Preliminary Report on the Prehistoric Site of Geumjin-ri, Myeongju," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 17, 1984.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Chu Yeon-sik, "Several Artifacts in the Collection of Pulmu Academy, Palgwari, Hongseong," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 24, 1984.
- "Excavation Report of Bonpojinseong Fortress, Goheung," Baeksan Hakbo (Baeksan Journal) 29, 1984.
- "Retrospect and Prospect of Baekje Studies (2nd International Conference on Baekje Studies) -Research on Baekje Culture in the Yeongsan River Basin-," Baekje Yeongu (Baekje Research) 15, 1984.
- "Yesterday and Today of Jeollanam-do Archaeology," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 27, 1985.
- "Capital and Territory of Baekje in the Hanseong Period," Jindan Hakbo (Jindan Hakbo) 60, 1985.
- "Vessels seen in Goryeodogyeong," Hanguk Munhwa (Korean Culture) 6, 1985.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Park Sun-bal, "Stone Tools Excavated from Heunam-ri Prehistoric Settlement Site, Yeoju II -Prehistoric Culture Research of Namhan River Basin (8)-," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 26, 1985.
- "Bronze Age and Early Iron Age," Je 10 Hoe Hanguk Gogohak Jeonguk Daehoe Balpyomun (Proceedings of the 10th National Conference of Korean Archaeology), 1986.
- "Mahan from an Archaeological Perspective," Mahan·Baekje Munhwa (Mahan·Baekje Culture) 9, 1986.
- "Culture of Jeollanam-do in the Early Three Kingdoms Period," Jindan Hakbo (Jindan Hakbo) 63, 1987.
- "Stone Mound Tombs of Baekje in the Hanseong Period," Hanguk Gogohak Jeon-guk Daehoe Balpyomun (Proceedings of the National Conference of Korean Archaeology) 11, 1987.
- "Prehistoric Sites of Nohwa and Bogil Island -In Relation to Gosan Yun Seon-do-," Gosan Yeongu (Gosan Research) 1, 1987.
- "Characteristics of Heunam-ri Prehistoric Settlement Site," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 20, 1987.
- "Some Suggestions on the Periodization of Korean Archaeology," Choi Yeong-hee Seonsaeng Hwagap Ginyeom Hanguk Sahak Nonchong (Choi Young-hee Sixtieth Birthday Commemorative Korean History Collection), 1987.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Gwon Oh-yeong, Kim Seung-ok, "Preliminary Report on the Excavation of Daegok-ri Dwelling Site, Seungju," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 20, 1987.
- "Mongchontoseong Fortress and Hanam Wiryeseong Fortress," Baekje Yeongu (Baekje Research) 19, 1988.
- "Scientific Analysis of Pottery in Korean Archaeology," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 21, 1988.
- "Introduction to Research on Yellow Sea Exchange History through Archaeological Data," Jindan Hakbo (Jindan Hakbo) 66, 1988.
- "Scientific Analysis of Pottery," Hanguk Gogohak Jeon-guk Daehoe Balpyomun (Proceedings of the National Conference of Korean Archaeology) 12, 1988.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Shin Suk-jeong, "Review of Scientific Analysis of Pottery in Korean Archaeology," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 1, 1988.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Im Young-jin, Song Eun-suk, "Preliminary Report on the Surface Survey of Eunha Area, Hongseong," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 32, 1988.
- "Territory and Culture of Baekje in the Hanseong Period," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 22, 1989.
- "Historical Archaeology in the 1980s -Retrospect and Prospect-," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 2, 1989.
- "Culture of Jeollanam-do in the Early Three Kingdoms Period," Seonggok Nonchong (Seonggok Journal) 20, 1989.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Kim Gyeong-taek, "Research on Dwelling Sites of Mahan and Baekje Periods in Jeollanam-do," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 4, 1990.
- "Current Status of Archaeological Research in Jeollanam-do in the Early Three Kingdoms Period," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 24, 1990.
- "Dolmen Society in Honam Region," Hanguk Gogohakbo (Korean Archaeological Review) 25, 1990.
- "Archaeology," Yeoksa Hakbo (Journal of History) 128, 1990.
- "Travelogue of Northeast Three Provinces of China," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 5, 1991.
- "Research on Human Cultural History through Archaeological Literature," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 6, 1991.
- "Travelogue of Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 8, 1991.
- "Archaeology and Pottery Analysis," Ceramist 6, 1991.
- Rhee Song Nai, Choi Mong-Lyong, "Emergence of Complex Society in Prehistoric Korea," Journal of World Prehistory 6, 1992.
- "Trade in Wiman State Formation," In Pacific Northeast Asia in Prehistory, edited by C. Melvin Aikens and Song-nai Rhee, Washington State University, Pullman, 1992.
- "Travelogue of Thailand Region," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 9, 1992.
- "Observation Report of Circum-Pacific Prehistory Conference," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 10, 1992.
- "Travelogue of China (3rd) and Russia (2nd)," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 11, 1992.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Kang Hyeong-tae, Shin Suk-jeong, "Scientific Analysis of Pottery Excavated from Misari (II)," Gogoyeoksahakji (Journal of Archaeology and History) 8, 1992.
- "Origin and Demise of Civilization," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 12, 1993.
- "Natural Scientific Research in Korean Archaeology," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 13, 1993.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Lee Young-mun, Jeong Chang-gyu, Kang Gyeong-in, "Scientific Analysis of Mumun Pottery in Seungju and Yeocheon Areas, Jeollanam-do," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 14, 1993.
- "Significance of Recently Discovered Baekje Incense Burner," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 15, 1994.
- "Some Disagreements on the Excavation of Dangun Tomb," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 15, 1994.
- "Current Status and Challenges of Russian Archaeological Research," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 15, 1994.
- "Founding Myth of Baekje," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 16, 1994.
- "Goguryeo Sites in China," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 16, 1994.
- "Ritual Sites of Baekje," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 17, 1994.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Kang Hyeong-tae, Lee Seong-ju, Kim Seung-won, "Research on Production and Distribution of Silla and Gaya Pottery," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 15, 1995.
- "Observation Report of Osaka International Academic Conference -Review of North Korean Papers-," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 20, 1995.
- "University Museum with Professor Kim Won-yong," Gomunhwa (Ancient Culture) 48, 1996.
- Choe Geun-yeong, Lee Ho-yeong, Choi Mong-lyong, Ji Byeong-mok, "Report on the Survey of Prehistoric Site in Songgye-ri, Hansu-myeon, Jecheon," Sahak Yeongu (Historical Research) 54, 1997.
- "On the 10th Anniversary of the Korean Ancient Historical Society -Retrospect and Prospect-," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of Korean Ancient Historical Society) 26, 1997.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Kim Jae-hyeon, Lee Heon-jong, Park Yang-jin, "Achievements and Prospects of 30 Years of Excavation by the Cultural Heritage Research Institute 2," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 32, 1999.
- "Current Status and Challenges of International Exchange in Cultural Heritage Research -General Review-," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 32, 1999.
- "Origin and Distribution of Korean Dolmens," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakbo (Journal of the Korean Ancient Historical Society) 39, 1999.
- "Balhae Artifacts in the Collection of Seoul National University Museum," Goguryeo Balhae Yeongu (Goguryeo Balhae Research) 6, 1999.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Kim Gyeong-taek, "Theoretical Background of Korean Dolmen Society Research," Sahak Yeongu (Historical Research) 58·59, 1999.
- "Dolmens of Korea, Archaeology," Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 2, 2000.
- Choi Mong-Lyong, Rhee Song Nai, "Korean Archaeology for the 21st century -From Prehistory to State Formation," Seoul Journal of Korean Studies 14, 2002.
- "New Trends and Prospects of 21st Century Korean Archaeology," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakhoe Haksul Balpyohoe (Korean Ancient Historical Society Academic Conference) 4, 2002.
- "Baekje and Mahan in the Hanseong Period," Munhwajae (Cultural Heritage) 36, 2003.
- Choi Mong-lyong, Kim Gyeong-taek, Shin Gyeong-cheol, Kang In-uk, "Introduction of Materials Excavated from Primorsky Krai," Bangmulgwan Giyo (Museum Bulletin) 19, 2003.
- "Commercial Sphere of Gyeonggi-do from a Diachronic Perspective," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakhoe Haksul Balpyohoe (Korean Ancient Historical Society Academic Conference) 10, 2004.
- "Mahan from an Archaeological Perspective," Mahan·Baekje Munhwa (Mahan·Baekje Culture) 16, 2004.
- "Significance of Anseong Wongok Banje-ri Religious and Ritual Sites in Korean Archaeology and Ancient History," Je 45 Chaek Anseong Banje-ri Yujeok (45th Volume Anseong Banje-ri Site), Jungwon Cultural Heritage Research Institute, 2007.
- "Origin of Korean Culture and Siberia from a Pluralistic Perspective," Dongbuga Asia Munhwahakhoe Gukje Haksul Daehoe Balpyojaryojip (Proceedings of Northeast Asian Cultural Society International Conference), 2008.
- "New Chronology of Songguk-ri Site, Buyeo," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakhoe Haksul Balpyohoe (Korean Ancient Historical Society Academic Conference) 10, 2010.
- "Significance of Religious and Ritual Sites in Korean Archaeology and Ancient History," Hanguk Sanggosa Hakhoe Haksul Balpyohoe (Korean Ancient Historical Society Academic Conference) 11, 2011.
- "Mahan -Current Research Status and Challenges-," Mahan·Baekje Yeongu (Mahan·Baekje Research) 22, 2013.
6. Controversy and Resignation
Choi Mong-lyong's career faced a significant controversy in 2015, leading to his swift resignation from a high-profile public role.
6.1. National Textbook Writer Controversy
In November 2015, Choi Mong-lyong was selected as one of the chief writers for the nationalized history textbook by the National Institute of Korean History, under the direction of the Park Geun-hye administration. This initiative, aimed at standardizing history education, was met with considerable public and academic debate, with critics arguing it was an attempt to impose a government-approved historical narrative. Immediately following the announcement of his appointment, allegations of sexual harassment emerged. A female journalist, who visited his home in Yeouido for an interview, accused him of inappropriate remarks and physical contact. The allegations quickly garnered media attention and public condemnation. Just two days after his selection as chief writer, on November 6, 2015, Choi Mong-lyong publicly announced his resignation from the position, apologizing for his inappropriate conduct. His departure was widely described as a "dishonorable resignation" (불명예 사퇴bulmyeongye satwoeKorean), further fueling the controversy surrounding the nationalized textbook project itself.
7. Retirement and Recognition
Following his long and impactful career, Choi Mong-lyong transitioned into retirement, though his contributions to archaeology continue to be recognized.
7.1. Retirement from Seoul National University
Choi Mong-lyong officially retired from his professorial duties at Seoul National University on February 29, 2012. Upon his retirement, he was appointed as an honorary professor in the Department of Archaeology and Art History at the university, allowing him to maintain an affiliation with his long-standing academic home.
7.2. Assessment and Impact
Choi Mong-lyong is widely regarded as a leading figure and a representative elder scholar in the field of Korean archaeology. His extensive research, particularly on the Mumun Pottery Period and the formation of ancient Korean states, has significantly advanced the understanding of Korea's prehistoric and early historic periods. His prolific publications, including numerous books, edited volumes, translations, and academic papers, have served as foundational texts for students and researchers. Beyond his scholarly output, his administrative roles at the Seoul National University Museum and his long-term involvement with the National Heritage Committee underscore his dedication to preserving and promoting Korea's cultural legacy. Despite the controversy that marked the latter part of his public service, his academic and professional contributions have left a lasting influence on Korean archaeology and historical studies.